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fied the pope by speaking out against cor-
                                                              ruption in the church hierarchy, which pre-
                                                              saged the Reformation by more than 100
                                                              years. Hus was condemned as a heretic
                                                              and burned to death in 1415, a move that
                                                              prompted rebellion by Bohemians against
                                                              the church and its political backers. A cen-
                                                              tury later, Martin Luther published his 95
                                                              Theses, some of which echoed Hus’s teach-
                                                              ings, and launched the Reformation. Hus’s
                                                              execution prompted Bohemian nobles to
                                                              lodge a protest with the Holy Roman Em-
                                                              peror, who responded with threats. The
                                                              next twenty years were marked by disor-
                                                              der, disaffection, and war, and witnessed
                                                              the first of Prague’s three historic defenes-
                                                              trations, when a Hussite mob attacked a
                                                              group of King Wenceslaus IV’s representa-
                                                              tives on July 30, 1419, and threw them out a
                                                              window. A statue of Jan Hus stands in a
                                                              prominent place in Prague — the Old Town
                                                              Square, within view of Old Town Hall.
                                                                  The Road Scholar tour was expertly ar-
                                                              ranged, taking our group of two dozen to
                                                              many of Prague’s most renowned attrac-
                                                              tions and suggesting what to visit during
                                                              our ample free time. Our guide, Dagmar
                                                              Mikolaskova, was well-versed in Prague
                                                              history and culture and had a sense of hu-
                                                              mor that worked well in English.
                                                                  A tour highlight was Prague Castle, a
                                                              massive complex that contains four
                                                              churches, including the Gothic Saint Vitus
                                                              Cathedral and the Romanesque Saint
                                                              George’s Basilica. Then there are four
                                                              palaces, including the Old Royal Palace,
                                                              which became the site of the infamous De-
                                                              fenestration of 1618, when a group of 100
                                                              Protestants marched into the palace to
                                                              confront Catholic governors appointed by
                                                              the unpopular Archduke Ferdinand, a for-
                                                              eign Hapsburg, and promptly threw them
                                                              and their secretary out a window. The
                                                              three survived when their fall was broken
                                                              by an alleged dung heap, in the third and
                                                              last of Prague’s three historic defenestra-
                                                              tions, a word coined for the act of getting
                                                              thrown out a window. That last one



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